
Writing a Design Brief for the Next 100 Years
From October 1 to 3, Fogo Island Arts hosted Shore Time, a biannual gathering where artists, designers, architects, and other thinkers met to explore human-centred making and the specificity of place.
At the Orange Lodge and across Fogo Island, conversations grew outward from the original themes of art, design and place. The gathering came at a moment when Canada is renegotiating its place on a shifting world stage. It affirmed that art and design have much to contribute to how we orient ourselves and navigate our relationships in the world.
Archaeologist Michael Shanks opened Shore Time with the questions that are at the core of Shorefast’s work: What do we know? What do we have? What do we miss? and What do we love? What follows are some of the responses.
Place is something we make

Michael Shanks began with a claim that set the tone: archaeologists are obsessed with place. For him, place is not a fixed property of a location. It is an achievement, continually remade through the labour, energy, and care people invest in it. That also makes it precarious.
Buildings, he suggested, hold time differently than history books do. Rather than a list of dates, a building gathers everything that has happened in it, all its events and memories. A room is a temporal gathering; places are made of mobilities. Fogo Island itself is made of comings and goings: settlement and displacement, fish and people, the weather rolling in and out.
Shanks distinguished between two ways of working with the past. Re-enactment is an overly nostalgic return to something dead. Replay reworks the past with a view to the future. “We work with the past,” he said, “because we care about the future. We work with what remains.”
On Fogo Island, this idea lands almost intuitively. The past is not behind us so much as layered in the rocks beneath us, and that invites a longer view. Later in the gathering, artist R.H. Quaytman looked out at the land and put it simply: “A landscape like this, every view suggests a deep and cosmic time.”
Materials carry memory


If place is made, then the things we make with matter. Artist Leonor Antunes works in the zone between sculpture, architecture, and design. In conversation with art critic Tom McDonough, she described her interest in the history behind materials and the context they come from. She loves wood, and the tension of working with it, because it brings her into conversation with carpenters and their craft.
Antunes also spoke about the spaces between objects. Her sculptures cannot exist by themselves, she said; what interests her is the space that exists between them. It is less about installing work, than activating a dialogue between object and space.
On the second day of Shore Time, R.H. Quaytman spoke about her paintings, which McDonough described as hovering between images and objects. She organizes her work in chapters rather than series, treating it as one thing developing over time. “I always copied art. If I wanted it, I painted it,” she said. “Art history links us to the present.” McDonough responded: “We live in an amnesiac culture. These works push back.”
Quaytman also described finding an old engraving glued underneath Paul Klee’s famous painting, the Angelus Novus. She discovered it by looking closely at its edges. “The ego of painting,” she said, is that “we always look at the centre.” It was a reminder that what matters is often found in the margins.
Reflecting on these conversations, Michael Shanks returned to the importance of the hand in making, and to the intangibles that AI and technology cannot grasp. Throughout Shore Time, we spoke of “making with” rather than “making for”.
Without craftspeople, there is no design

In conversation with Tommy Smythe, German designer Sebastian Herkner reflected on what happens after a design leaves his hands. “As a designer, you have an idea, and it’s done, but then someone takes it and makes their own story with it.” He spoke about seeing his chair at Fogo Island Inn, a piece that took two years to make, in collaboration with Man of Parts.
Herkner also designed the Fogo Boat with Fogo Island Workshops, a work inspired by the island’s fishing life that will be produced in 2027. “It will travel with you, on the table, delivers conversation and salt and pepper,” he said. He praised Fogo Island Workshops and its continued existence here, “creating things for people to bring home.” He concluded: without craftspeople, there would be no design.
Smythe described good design as “creating antiques of the future.” He reminded the room that “everything was designed by somebody, the chair you’re sitting in, the building we’re in,” and that we all have a responsibility to seek further.
Speaking with Shorefast Founder Zita Cobb, Glenn Pushelberg extolled Canadian design. “Our greatness is our geography,” he said. On Fogo Island, he added, “the client is the community, the building is the frame to create within.” Zita described the community as a connective tissue, and Glenn agreed: “that’s the magic, when you think about what you’re trying to create and for whom.” Ideally, the work starts from purpose and the economy of it all comes after.
Michael Shanks later drew these threads together: luxury is about how we make things special. It is site-specific, local, and an investment of time.
Conversations connecting to place

Shore Time visitors ventured beyond the Orange Lodge. In the afternoons, the discussions moved into the landscapes of Fogo Island and the communities that shape them.
Shorefast’s Design Strategist, Ernst Hupel, led a walk that explored the vernacular architecture of Joe Batt’s Arm and our place-based design practices, starting from the Punt Premises and ending at Fogo Island Inn. These design walks showcased the generations of making still visible across the island. Architect Todd Saunders guided a hike to the Long Studio, one of the four Fogo Island Arts studios he designed. Saunders shared his process and invited participants inside the studio, one of the places where artists-in-residence work while on Fogo Island.
In every community, from Stag Harbour to Deep Bay, open studios and galleries welcomed attendees to meet the island’s artists and makers where they work. These afternoons, titled Fogo Island Hours, gave the ideas from the stage a place to land. They demonstrated the “making with”.
Building for the next 100 years

On the final day of Shore Time, Todd Saunders and Zita Cobb picked up a conversation they started 20 years ago. Both left Newfoundland as teenagers, and both came back carrying the same questions around money and its relationship to “sacred capital”, or the natural, social, and cultural assets of a place. They described their shared work as wrangling ghosts.
They began, as many Newfoundland stories do, with cod. Cobb recalled how factory trawlers emptied the inshore fish stock when she was growing up. Generations of knowledge seemed to become irrelevant almost overnight. Forced resettlement in the 1960s pulled people up by their roots. Then came the 1992 cod moratorium, when people lost their livelihoods overnight.
But there was another thread in that story. Spurred on by the Fogo Process, communities across the island came together and formed a co-operative which exists to this day; the Fogo Island Co-Operative Society. That spirit of working things out together is part of what made Shorefast possible.
On the history of making Fogo Island Inn together, Cobb and Saunders considered the enormous responsibility of building on untouched land. The Inn was approached as a house, with 29 rooms. Nearly everything in it is handmade, and every piece of wood was touched by human hands many times over.
Saunders observed that development imagination diminishes with distance. You will never build anything truly beautiful standing far away from it. For Cobb, the client was always both the past and the future, which raised another question at the heart of Shore Time: how do you build for time? Their answer looked forward. You can’t remain in the making, you have to trust the people coming after you and build the enabling conditions for this.
Their conversation leaves an open question: what would a design brief for the next hundred years look like?
The memory of things made to last

The final panel brought every speaker together, moderated by Michael Shanks and Tom McDonough.
McDonough drew a line between simple commodities and things made to last. Tommy Smythe pointed to the lack of intent in much of what is made today, and to the value of making things meant to last 200 years.
Memory came up again, as it did on the first day. “There is memory rooted in the culture here,” Glenn Pushelberg said. “It adds longevity.” Todd Saunders spoke about culture needing to be embedded in objects that last a long time. Kitty Scott, Director of Fogo Island Arts, connected this to the hooked rugs made by the Winds and Waves Artisans’ Guild in Tilting. Quaytman spoke of keeping things safe for seven generations, and Shanks compared the process of making to “commensality,” or the act of eating together. Both spark memories that last. He said: “Life in things is at the centre of what we’re talking about.”
Holding the tangle together

Shore Time offered a single opportunity to hold rich conversations about acts of making in dialogue with time and place. It drew together 75 engaged visitors from across Canada, Europe, and America, inviting each person to respond to the questions introduced at the beginning. From the stage to the audience, they did — discussions and debates followed each talk. At the end of the last panel, Fogo Island fish harvester Glen Best asked all speakers: “what makes Fogo Island special and what makes people want to come back?”
Tommy Smythe was quick to answer: “There is a deep understanding of place here. Conversation, food, Fogo Island Arts, the Inn — we’re meant to learn about these things when we’re here. Every time I leave, I leave with answers.”
Gathering in place connects what might otherwise never meet. As humans, we are constantly sorting out what matters, and place is where we hold the tangle of it all together: art, design and, most importantly, the dignity of life.
We hope you’ll join us for the next Shore Time on Fogo Island from October 12 to 16, 2028.






































